11 - 12

 

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Lessons

Plan

 


Topic

Functions as input-output "machines" and translations.

Materials

Computers with Microsoft Excel and Netscape Navigator or Internet Explorer

NOTE: In order for online portion of the lesson to work properly, your browser must be configured properly.

To set up Netscape, choose "Edit" and then "Preferences." Go to "Navigator" and then "Applications." The file extension is xls, and the mime is applications/ms-excel.

Outline

For my lesson, I am using a really neat webpage developed by Margaret Sinclair and hosted by the Math Forum. Ms. Sinclair's site, entitled "Investigating Functions Using Spreadsheets," allows students to look into what a function is using Excel.

DAY ONE

We investigate simple linear functions and power functions.

  • On the first day, give the students partners. There should be enough computers for pair to have a computer.
  • Each pair should go to the "Investigating Functions Using Spreadsheets" website.
  • Each pair should do Linear Functions I, Linear Functions II, and Introduction to Power Functions.
  • After completing the instructions for each function, the students should complete questions set that goes with it.

When a student clicks on the link to one of the functions, he'll get a function and a table of associated values. For example, clicking on Linear Functions I brings up the equation y=mx. A list of x and y values comes up as well (x=1, y=2 when m =2). The students can manipulate m in a different cell and see how that affects the ouputs.

DAY TWO

This day the students finish up the series of functions and begin the "Seminars" portion of the page, which should take almost two days.

  • Each pair should complete the Quadratic Functions spreadsheet and question set.
  • Now the students should work on the seminars portion of the webpage.
  • DO NOT PICK ONE OF THE SEMINARS. Instead, each group should complete all of them.

The "Seminars" ask the students to examine the roles of parameters in different equations. For example, what effect do a and k have in rational functions of the form y = a/x+k ?

DAY THREE

The reason that I want the students to do all of the seminars is that I feel understanding translations early can really aid in their understanding of functions. Though it will take extra time, I feel there will be long term benefits.

  • The pairs should complete the seminars.
  • Each pair should write about the parameters' effects. A couple of sentences for each equation should suffice.
  • Conclude the lesson with a whole class discussion to see if everyone had the same findings.

Linkage to ISBE Standards

8.A.4b Represent mathematical patterns and describe their properties using variables and mathematical symbols.

8.B.4a Represent algebraic concepts with physical materials, words, diagrams, tables, graphs, equations and inequalities and use appropriate technology.

8.C.4a Analyze and report the effects of changing coefficients, exponents and other parameters on functions and their graphs.